Lab: Manipulating the WebSocket handshake to exploit vulnerabilities

• If you're struggling to bypass the XSS filter, try out our XSS labs.
• Sometimes you can bypass IP-based restrictions using HTTP headers like X-Forwarded-For.

1. Click "Live chat" and send a chat message.
2. In Burp Proxy, go to the WebSockets history tab, and observe that the chat message has been sent via a WebSocket message.
3. Right-click on the message and select "Send to Repeater".

4. Edit and resend the message containing a basic XSS payload, such as:

   <img src=1 onerror='alert(1)'>
5. Observe that the attack has been blocked, and that your WebSocket connection has been terminated.
6. Click "Reconnect", and observe that the connection attempt fails because your IP address has been banned.

7. Add the following header to the handshake request to spoof your IP address:

   X-Forwarded-For: 1.1.1.1
8. Click "Connect" to successfully reconnect the WebSocket.

9. Send a WebSocket message containing an obfuscated XSS payload, such as:

   <img src=1 oNeRrOr=alert`1`>

Michael Sommer (no audio)